Разликата между Direct Questions (Преки въпроси) и Indirect Questions (Непреки въпроси)
- Учебен център “Скоростно Учене” предлага
Погледнете този разговор:
Me: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the nearest bank is?
Person in the street: Of course. It’s along that street on the left.
Me: Thank you. And do you know if there’s a bus station near here?
Person in the street: Yes, there’s one opposite the bank.
Me: Thank you very much for your help.
Indirect question (Непряк/Учтив въпрос) използваме, когато трябва да звучим учтиво/формално. Този тип въпроси, обикновено започват с: ‘Could you tell me…’ or ‘Do you know…’.Те са много често срещани в речта.
Примери:
Direct question: Where is the bank?
Indirect question: Could you tell me where the bank is?
Обърнете внимание, че глаголът ‘is’ се слага след подлога ‘the bank‘, по същия начин, по който звучи в обикновено съобщително изречение ‘the bank is over there’. Това се нарича инверсия (смяна на реда на думите).
Видове Непреки въпроси:
‘Yes / No’ Questions
За да зададем въпрос, който изисква yes/no отговор, използваме ‘if’ и инверсия (структура на обикновено съобщително изречение)
‘Yes / no’ questions различните глаголни времена:
Глаголно време | Direct Question/ Пряк въпрос | Indirect Question/ Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
Present simple with ‘be’ | Is he Bulgarian? | Can you tell me if he is Bulgarian? |
Present continuous | Is the shop closing now? | Can you tell me if the shop is closing now? |
Past simple with ‘be’ | Was he late for work? | Can you tell me if he was late for work? |
Past continuous | Were you watching TV at 12:00 a.m.? | Can you tell me if you were watching TV at 12 a.m.? |
Present perfect | Has Ani been to London? | Can you tell me if Ani has been to London? |
Present perfect continuous | Has she been living here long? | Can you tell me if she has been living here long? |
Past perfect | Had she cleaned the house before they came? | Can you tell me if she had cleaned the house before they came? |
Past perfect continuous | Had he been living here long when he met Anna? | Can you tell me if he had been living here long when he met Anna? |
Future simple with ‘will’ | Will she start her new job next week? | Can you tell me if she will start her new job next week? |
Future simple with ‘going to’ | Is it going to rain later? | Can you tell me if it is going to rain later? |
Future continuous | Will Sarah be meeting the client later? | Can you tell me if Sarah will be meeting the client later? |
Future perfect | Will he have finished the project by next week? | Can you tell me if he will have finished the project by next week? |
Future perfect continuous | Will he have been studying English for twenty years when he retires? | Can you tell me if he will have been studying English for twenty years when he retires? |
Modal verbs | Should we start now? | Can you tell me if we should start now? |
‘Yes / no’ questions със Сегашно и Минало просто време и спомагателните глаголи ‘do / does / did’
Тук do/does/did се заместват от if и основният глагол се слага в съответното време:
Глаголно време | Direct Question/ Пряк въпрос | Indirect Question/ Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
Present simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Do you drink water? | Can you tell me if you drink water? |
Present simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Does Eva live in London? | Can you tell me if Eva lives in London? |
Past simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Did Leila call Robert yesterday? | Can you tell me if Leila called Robert yesterday? |
Въпроси, които съдържат ‘-Wh’ въпросителна дума
В този случай използваме допълниелната въпросителна дума и стандартния словоред на съобщителното изречение:
Глаголно време | Direct Question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect Question/ Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
Present simple with ‘be’ | Why is he happy? | Can you tell me why he is happy? |
Present continuous | When is the shop closing? | Can you tell me when the shop is closing? |
Past simple with ‘be’ | Why was he late for work? | Can you tell me why he was late for work? |
Past continuous | What were you doing at 12a.m.? | Can you tell me what you were doing at 12a.m? |
Present perfect | Where has Anna been? | Can you tell me where Anna has been? |
Present perfect continuous | How long has she been living here? | Can you tell me how long she has been living here? |
Past perfect | Why had she quit her job before she moved here? | Can you tell me why she had quit her job before she moved here? |
Past perfect continuous | How long had she been living here when she met you? | Can you tell me how long she had been living here when she met you? |
Future simple with ‘will’ | When will she start her new project? | Can you tell me when she will start her new project? |
Future simple with ‘going to’ | When is it going to rain? | Can you tell me when it is going to rain? |
Future continuous | What time will Sarah be meeting the client? | Can you tell me what time Sarah will be meeting the client? |
Future perfect | When will he have finished the project? | Can you tell me when he will have finished the project? |
Future perfect continuous | How long will he have been studying English when he retires? | Can you tell me how long he will have been studying English when he retires? |
Modal verbs | What should we do now? | Can you tell me what we should do now? |
‘Wh’ questions със Сегашно и Минало просто време и спомагателните глаголи ‘do / does / did’ Тук do/does/did се изпускат и основният глагол се слага в съответното време:
Глаголно време | Direct Question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect Question/ Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
Present simple with any verb except ‘be’ | When do you drink water? | Can you tell me when you drink water? |
Present simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Where does Leila live? | Can you tell me where Leila lives? |
Past simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Why did Emma call Robert yesterday? | Can you tell me why Emma called Robert yesterday? |
Често срещана грешка е позицията на глагола to be:Could you tell me where the station
is?
NOT: Could you tell me where is the station?
Проверете дали сте го усвоили с тези игри:
Към граматиката за ниво Beginner Начинаещи
Към граматиката за ниво Elementary Малко напреднали
Към граматиката за ниво Pre-intermediate Pre-intermediate
Към граматиката за ниво Intermediate Intermediate
Към граматиката за ниво Upper-intermediate Upper-intermediate
- Учебен център “Скоростно Учене” предлага
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