Как да задаваме въпроси на Английски език? Обобщаваща таблица на всички видове въпросителни изречения.
1. Yes – No questions
Въпроси, чиито отговори са ‘Да’ или ‘Не’.
В отговорът използваме думата, с която сме задали въпроса.
*всеки ред съдържа линк, който отваря подробно обяснение за съответното глаголно време
| Сегашно просто време с ‘be’ (без основен глагол) | Are you hungry? | Yes, I am./No, I’m not. |
| Сегашно просто време с основен глагол | Do you like ice cream? | Yes, I do./No, I don’t. |
| Сегашно продължително време | Are you coming to the party? | Yes, I am./No, I’m not. |
| Минало просто време с ‘be’ (без основен глагол) | Were you at home yesterday? | Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t. |
| Минало просто време с основен глагол | Did you go out last night? | Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. |
| Минало продължително време | Were you watching TV at 8 last night? | Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t. |
| Сегашно перфектно време | Have you eaten? | Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. |
| Сегашно перфектно продължително време | Have you been working hard? | Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. |
| Минало перфектно време | Had you slept? | Yes, I had./No, I hadn’t. |
| Минало перфектно продължително време | Had you been running? | Yes, I had./No, I hadn’t. |
| Бъдеще просто време | Will you come? | Yes, I will./No, I won’t. |
| Бъдеще продължително време | Will you be coming? | Yes, I will./No, I won’t. |
| Бъдеще перфектно | Will you have finished at 6? | Yes, I will./No. I won’t. |
| Бъдеще перфектно продължително време | Will you have been working? | Yes, I will./ No, I won’t. |
| Модални глаголи | Can you swim? | Yes, I can./No, I can’t. |
| Модални глаголи | Must you leave? | Yes, I must./No, I mustn’t. |
2. Въпроси, които започват с допълнителна въпросителна дума – ‘Wh’ question word
Запомнете, че при тези въпроси, въпросителната дума стои в началото на изречението, като не променя основния словоред (както е показан в таблица 1).
| Сегашно просто време с ‘be’ (без основен глагол) | Who are you? |
| Сегашно просто време с основен глагол | Where do you play tennis? |
| Сегашно продължително време | When are you coming to the party? |
| Минало просто време с ‘be’ (без основен глагол) | Where were you last night? |
| Минало просто време с основен глагол | How did you do it? |
| Минало продължително време | What were you doing when I called you? |
| Сегашно перфектно време | What have you eaten? |
| Сегашно перфектно продължително време | Where have you been working hard? |
| Минало перфектно време | What had you eaten? |
| Минало перфектно продължително време | Why had you been working hard? |
| Бъдеще просто време | Who will you meet? |
| Бъдеще продължително време | Why will you be sleeping? |
| Бъдеще перфектно | When will you have finished? |
| Бъдеще перфектно продължително време | What will you have been doing? |
| Модални глаголи | Where can we swim? |
| Модални глаголи | Why must you leave? |
3. Subject Questions – Въпроси към подглога. Това са въпроси без спомагателeн глагол
Когато ТЪРСИМ кой е подлога/извършителят на действието [само в Сегашно и Минало просто време], НЕ се добавя Спомагателен глагол – do/does/did.
*Това е възможно с въпросителните думи: Who, What, Which, How many
| Who writes their songs? /сегашно просто време въпрос към 3то л. ед.ч. | |
| How many people speak English? /сегашно просто време въпрос към 3то л. мн.ч. | |
| What happened after the concert? /минало просто време | |
| Which country won the Eurovision song contest? /минало просто време | |
| How many people came to this class? /минало просто време |
4. Indirect Questions – Непреки/Учтиви въпроси
Видове:
Непреки въпроси с отговор “Да” или “Не” / ‘Yes / No’ Questions
За да зададем въпрос, който изисква yes/no отговор, използваме ‘if’ и инверсия (структура на обикновено съобщително изречение).
‘Yes / no’ questions в различните глаголни времена:
| Глаголно време | Direct question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple with ‘be’ | Is he Bulgarian? | Can you tell me if he is Bulgarian? |
| Present continuous | Is the shop closing now? | Can you tell me if the shop is closing now? |
| Past simple with ‘be’ | Was he late for work? | Can you tell me if he was late for work? |
| Past continuous | Were you watching TV at 12:00 a.m.? | Can you tell me if you were watching TV at 12:00 a.m.? |
| Present perfect | Has Ani been to London? | Can you tell me if Any has been to London? |
| Present perfect continuous | Has she been living here long? | Can you tell me if she has been living here long? |
| Past perfect | Had she cleaned the house before they came? | Can you tell me if she had cleaned the house before they came? |
| Past perfect continuous | Had he been living here long when he met Anna? | Can you tell me if he had been living here long when he met Anna? |
| Future simple with ‘will’ | Will she start her now job next week? | Can you tell me if she will start her new job next week? |
| Future simple with ‘going to’ | Is it going to rain later? | Can you tell me if it is going to rain later? |
| Future continuous | Will Sarah be meeting the client later? | Can you tell me if Sarah will be meeting the client later? |
| Future perfect | Will he have finished the project by next week? | Can you tell me if he will have finished the project by next week? |
| Future perfect continuous | Will he have been studying English for twenty years when he retires? | Can you tell me if he will have been studying English for twenty years when he retires? |
| Modal verbs | Should we start now? | Can you tell me if we should start now? |
Непреки въпроси – ‘Yes / no’ questions със Сегашно и Минало просто време и спомагателните глаголи ‘do / does / did’:
*Тук do/does/did се заместват от if и основният глагол се слага в съответното време:
| Глаголно време | Direct question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Do you drink water? | Can you tell me if you drink water? |
| Present simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Does Eva live in London? | Can you tell me if Eva lives in London? |
| Past simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Did Leila call Robert yesterday? | Can you tell me if Leila called Robert yesterday? |
Непреки въпроси, които съдържат – ‘Wh’ въпросителна дума
В този случай използваме допълнителната въпросителна дума и стандартния словоред на съобщителното изречение:
| Глаголно време | Direct question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple with ‘be’ | Why is he happy? | Can you tell me why he is happy? |
| Present continuous | When is the shop closing? | Can you tell me when the shop is closing? |
| Past simple with ‘be’ | Why was he late for work? | Can you tell me why he was late for work? |
| Past continuous | What were you doing at 12:00 a.m.? | Can you tell me what you were doing at 12:00 a.m.? |
| Present perfect | Where has Anna been? | Can you tell me where Anna has been? |
| Present perfect continuous | How long has she been living here? | Can you tell me how long she has been living here? |
| Past perfect | Why had she quit her job before she moved here? | Can you tell me why she had quit her job before she moved here? |
| Past perfect continuous | How long had she been living here when she met you? | Can you tell me how long she had been living here when she met you? |
| Future simple with ‘will’ | When will she start her new project? | Can you tell me when she will start her new project? |
| Future simple with ‘going to’ | When is it going to rain? | Can you tell me when it is going to rain? |
| Future continuous | What time will Sarah be meeting the client? | Can you tell me what time Sarah will be meeting the client? |
| Future perfect | When will he have finished the project? | Can you tell me when he will have finished the project? |
| Future perfect continuous | How long will he have been studying English when he retires? | Can you tell me how long he will have been studying English when he retires? |
| Modal verbs | What should we do now? | Can you tell me what we should do now? |
Непреки въпроси – ‘Wh’ questions със Сегашно и Минало просто време и спомагателните глаголи ‘do / does / did’
*Тук do/does/did се изпускат и основният глагол се слага в съответното време:
| Глаголно време | Direct question/Пряк въпрос | Indirect question/Непряк/Учтив въпрос |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple with any verb except ‘be’ | When do you drink water? | Can you tell me when you drink water? |
| Present simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Where does Leila live? | Can you tell me where Leila lives? |
| Past simple with any verb except ‘be’ | Why did Emma call Robert yesterday? | Can you tell me why Emma called Robert yesterday? |
Could you tell me where the station is ?
NOT: Could you tell me where is the station?
5. Questions with Prepositions at the End of the Clause
Когато имаме предлог при въпросителното изречение, той стои накрая.
| Who are you waiting for? | Where did this come from? |
| Who are they with? | Which school did you go to? |
| Who did you sit with at the meeting? | Which restaurant should we eat at? |
| What are you working on? | Which candidate are they going to vote for? |
| What are you looking at? | Whose house did they go to? |
| What was the meeting about? | Whose problems were they talking about? |
| Where is she from? | Whose party were they at last night? |